What does the term "sublingual" mean in pharmacology?

The term "sublingual" in pharmacology specifically refers to a route of administration where a medication is placed under the tongue. This method allows for the drug to dissolve and be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract and the liver, which can enhance the speed and efficiency of drug delivery.

This route is particularly useful for medications that need to act quickly or for patients who may have difficulty swallowing pills. Examples of sublingual medications include certain forms of nitroglycerin for angina and hormone therapies. Understanding this route is essential for pharmacy technicians to appropriately educate patients on how to take their medications and to recognize the advantages of this method over others, such as oral consumption, inhalation, or topical application.